Abstract Background Lidocaine (LD) is one of the most commonly used local anesthetics for performing arthroscopic surgery and managing of osteoarthritic pain in both human and veterinary medicine. However. over the last years. several studies have focused on the chondrotoxic effects of LD. https://safeersappliancers.shop/product-category/bosch-pcr9a5b90-serie-6-built-in-92cm-5-burners-gas-hob-stainless-steel/